Automatic sewing machine



Nov. 6, 1934. H. PERLESZ LQSI AUTOMATIC SEWING MACHINE Filed Oct. 5.1932 '7 Sheets-'Sheet l Nov. v6, 1934. H. PERLESZ AUTOMATIC sEwfNGMACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllxlllvd ilil IIIIIIIIII vll NOV.,` 6, 1934B H PERLESZ 1,980,001

AUTOMATIC SEWING MACHINE Filed oct. 5, 1952 7 Sheets-sheet 3 N0 6 i934H. PERU-:sz 1,980,001

AUTOMATIC SEWING MACHINE Filed Oct. 5. 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 if ha@ @WWQwf@ Nov. 6, 1934. H. PERLEsz AUTOMATIC SEWING MAGHJNE '7 Sheets-Sheet 5Filed OCT.. 5, 1932 u@ Sw Rl`1 M.5 hh|` l.|||l 0 BIM# l Il .7 ,Il n n ENQE u W mm .w\

f W Nh. h. NAW HW S@ NNN nml www EN www Nov. 6, 1934. H. PERLEszAUTOMATIC SEWING MACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 jai/mi@Hago Pefez, M, @7m #mp4/f@ Nov. 6, 1934. H. PERLEsz AUTOMATIC SEWINGMACHINE Filed 0G13. 5, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 'l 90 fermi/z.

Patented Nov. 6, 1934 PATENT OFFICE UNITED STATES 1,980,001 AUTOMATICSEWING MACHINE Hugo Perlesz, Chicago, lll., assigner to Burton- DixieCorporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware ApplicationOctober 5, 1932, Serial No. 636,275

Claims. (Cl. 1122) have an operator turn avhandle to guide the stitchingmachine over A'the 'course previously marked. To attain any degreeof'speed-` atthis 15 work required long practice, during whichftime themachine being practiced upon wasproducing only a small portion of itsnormal output; Even; with an experienced and skillful operatonf' the'operation of the machine was costly, due to many .1 interruptionsnecessary, and due to the high salfary of the specially trainedoperator. Even with` the best operators, mistakes werefrequently madewhich either ruined or impaired the Value of the product. Even smallerrors would leave visible the marking which had been applied to guidethe operator.

The principal object of this invention has been to provide automaticmeans for performing such sewing operations, and thereby to eliminatethe difficulties above discussed. Other objects of the invention havebeen to overcome various diiculties encountered in attaining this mainobject. For the purpose of overcoming these difculties, the inventionincludes various special features, one of which is the means for feedingthe material approximately as desired to the stitching apparatus, whichapparatus includes means for exactly feeding the material to the needle,but which cannot function properly unless the approximate feeding meansare provided. This approximate feeding means comprises means for feedingthe material both longitudinally and laterally` and for varying thefeeding in accordance with the particular requirements.

Another special feature comprises means for automatically stopping thestitching apparatus while the direction of movement of the exact feedingmeans is being altered. Still another` special feature is found in theslack take-up mechanism for permitting the precise control of the exactfeeding means.

With these and various other objects in view, the invention may consistof certain novel features of construction and operation, as will be morefully described and particularly pointed out Usually it has beennecessary to trace'the design onto the material to :be stitched and,then to I any distortion on the cloth from that end, and

in the specification, drawings and claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, which illustrate an embodi ment of the device, andwherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts,

Figure l is an elevation of the apparatus giving special attention tothe feeding devices;

Figure 2 is an elevation of the operating mechanism partly in section,taken through the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a similar View of other apparatus which is hidden by theapparatus shown in Fig- .'u're 2 and taken through the line 3-3 ofFigure 1;

Figure 4 is a plan view of a major portion of the apparatus;

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken through the 'fsewing unit;

[Figures 6 and 7 are plan and perspective views,

respectively, of the looper;

`fFigure 8 is a front elevation of the sewing end 75 `of the sewingunit;

Figure 9 is a partly sectional rear elevation of the front end of thesewing unit; and

Figure 10 is a section through the line 10-10 of Figure 8; and

Figures 11, 12, 13 and 14 are Views showing certain slight modificationsof the apparatus, Figure 11 being a side elevation; Figure 12 a planView, and Figures 13 and 14 being detail elevations.

In its illustrated form, the apparatus includes the stitching unit 10,and apparatus for feeding the material to be sewn to this stitching unitat the proper varying rates of speed. The feeding apparatus includes inaddition to the operating mechanism which will be described below, thegeneral frame 12 on which are supported spindles 14, 15 and 16 whichcarry the outer ticking, the padding and the inner ticking,respectively. These materials are fed by means of suitable rolls i 17,feed roll 18 and the trough 19 into the proper relation with oneanother, andonto the guide conveyor 20 which is pivoted with the pivot21, all substantially as shown. Wherever necessary a friction band 22with the Weight 23 attached thereto may be used for preventing any freerunning of the material, and thereby preventing the appearance of slack.The roller feeder 26, which will hereinafter be called the guideconveyor is supported on the sewing table 24, by means of rollers 25, sothat that end of the guide conveyor may be shifted to properly feed thematerial to the needle as will be described. The sewn border is allowedto hang down in a loop 26 to prevent is then fed through a wire guide 27which is closed on all four sides, over the feed roller 28, from whichit is wound on the shaft 30, a suitable spool being provided if desired.Above each of the feed rolls 18 and 28 are located pressure rolls 32,each of which rotates freely on a pivoted support bar 33. The two feedrolls 18 and 28 are rotated in unison, as by suitable worm gearing fforeach roll, the worms being connected by shaft 37, which, if necessary,may be divided by universal joints 38. By' thustuming the feed rolls 18and 28 in unison, the material is fed at the same rate as the finishedborder is withdrawn, whereby the loop 26 is maintained atsubstantiallythe same size. In order to rotate the shaft 30 at a proper winding speedin spite of the increasing size of the roll, this shaft 30 is driven bythe friction belt 40 at a sufficient speed to properly wind thematerial, when the roll is small, the belt 40 being loose enough to slipwhen the roll is large.

Stitching unit As the scroll sewing unit, aside from the automaticcontrol therefor, is already known and may be bought on the open market,no disclosure of this unit is necessary in this application except forthe purpose of illustrating the co-action between the automatic controlfeatures and said unit. For that reason, the scroll sewing unit may notbe shown as exactly as would otherwise be desirable. A general view ofthe sewing unit is found in Figure 5, and from this ligure it is seenthat there are three control shafts 42, 43 and 44. The shaft 42 is theprimary operating shaft, rotated in a manner to be described, andoperating both the needle 46 and the presser foot 47 for the purpose ofstitching. 'I'he shaft 43 rotates the presser foot mechanism of theneedle so as to vary its direction of movement, as will be described.Shaft 43 is driven through shaft 49 and sleeve 50 by suitable gearing51, the sleeve 50 being rotated through suitable gearing 52 by shaft 53in a manner to be described. As the sleeve 50 rotates the presser feedmechanism and needle through the shaft 43, it also rotates shaft 44 andthrough it the looper 54, the connection between the looper 54 and shaft44 comprising the spiral gears 56. In this manner the presser footneedle and looper are all maintained properly aligned. It may bementioned at this time that the looper 54 is given the necessary amountof rotation for each stitch by movement of the rod 44 and the resultngaction between spiral gears 56. The longitudinal motion of shaft 44 isimparted to it by means of the bell crank 58 having a freely pivotal androtatable connection with the shaft 44 at 59. This bell crank 58 isoperated by the rod 60 which is vertically reciprocated by means of aneccentric 61 which rotates with the shaft 42.v It follows, therefore,that the looper is rotated in both directions for each revolution of theshaft 42 and as will be seen also for each complete cycle of thelnieedle 46.

'Ihe needle 46 extends entirely through the height of the head frame 62shown in Figure 8, and is fastened in position by the set,screw 63. Thisneedle is carried in a hollow rod 64 which reciprocates and rotateswiththe needle. For Ythe lower end of the needle there is provided areciprocating guard 65, theaction of which will subsequently bedescribed. The hollow rod 64 is reciprocated by means of a collar 66secured thereto, which freely rotates in the fork 67. As

best shown in Figures 5 and 9, the fork 67 forms the upper end of asliding bar 68 which will hereinafter be called the needlebar. Thisneedle bar 68 is reciprocated by means of the main shaft 42 through aneccentrically mounted peg 70 which gperates in a horizontal slot 71 inthe needle bar The needle guard is slidably mounted in the frame 62 andis vertically reciprocated through the collar 72v and the sliding bar73, which will hereinafter be called the guard bar. This guard bar 73 isreciprocated by the bell crank 75 pivotally mounted on the frame 62 asat 76 and operated by the cam 77 which carries the above mentioned pegand is keyed to the main shaft 42. The bell crank has at its end aforwardly turned peg 78 which nts intoa corresponding hole in the guardbar 73. As illustrated in Figure 9, a suitable slot 79 is provided inthe back of frame 62 for the reciprocation of this peg. The guard bar 73is normally pressed downwardly by means of a spring 80 so as to pressthe bell crank 75` against the cam. The needle guard 65 insures theproper drawing of each loop through the preceding loop.

The presser foot 47 is toothed and circular, as shown, so that it maymove the cloth in any direction. It is supported by a presser lever 81which is pivoted as at 82 to a pivoted bracket 83 which is pivoted insliding bar 84 about an axis at right angles to that of the axis of thepivot 82. This double pivoting of course permits movement of the presserfoot 47 in any direction. The presser lever 81 is shifted laterally inany direction by means of the collar 86 rigidly secured thereto, andwhich, as shown in Figure 8, is generally concentric with the needle 46.Rctatably mounted in this collar 86 is a feeder disk 87 which islaterally slidable on a guide block 88. The block 88 is rigidly mountedon a sleeve 89 which sleeve is rigidly secured to bevel gear 112 andsuitably journaled in frame 62. The feeder disk 87 slides with vthecollar 86 and is provided with a slot therein into which nts the shiftlever 91. The shift lever 91 is pivoted by a pin 92 to lugs on thecollar 93 which collar is fixed on the rotatable sleeve 89. The otherend 94 of the shift lever 91 is in the nature of a cam follower ridingin a slot in the cam sleeve 96, which sleeve is keyed to the sleeve 89for vertical reciprocation therein. The inner surface of said slot isshaped to form a cam 98 which as it is pressed down presses the end 94of lever 91 outwardly, thereby pressing the other end inwardly, so thatthe shift disk 87 is shifted to the left with the parts in the positionshown in Figures 8 and 9. The shift disk and associated parts arenormally pressed in the opposite direction by the wire springs 100. Thevertical movement of the cam sleeve 96 which causes this shifting issecured by means of the sliding bar 102 which hereinafter will be calledthe cam sliding bar. This cam sliding bar is vertically reciprocated inthe frame 62 by the peg 103 which is outstanding therefrom and which isdepressed by the arm 105 of the bell crank 106, which is pivoted aboutthe pivot 107 to the frame 62. 'I'he other arm 108 carries a camfollowing roller 109 which rides on the cam 110 keyed to the main shaft42.

The various presser-foot-shifting parts, namely the collar 93, camsleeve 96, the guide block 88, and associated members, are keyed to thesleeve 89 so as to rotate therewith, and the sleeve 89 is keyed to thebevel gear 112. 'This bevel gear is rotated by the bevel gear 114 whichis mounted on the shaft 43. The rotation of these parts changes thedirection of movement of the presser ing said lug. This bell crank 90 ispivoted to the frame 62 and is operated by cam 77 as shown in Figure 9.The presser foot is normally pressed downwardly by spring 97. Of course,the usual manual means for raising the presser foot are provided, thoughthey have not been shown.

- Shaft 42 is driven by a clutch cam sleeve 115 .gear 136. The' spurgear 136 which is driven through the pin 116 carried thereby.- Thispinpasses through eccentric 61 to drive the same and normally into ahole in the clutch collar 117A which is keyed to a Sleeve 118, which iskeyed to a shaft 119.

The shaft 119 and sleeve 118 are driven by the sprocket wheel 120carried thereby, which as seen in Figure 2 is in turn driven by chain121, which latter is driven by the motor 122 through a clutch 124 whichis operated by the handle 126, as illuS- trated best in Figure 2.

Presser foot feed control The shaft 119 also carries worm gears 130 and132. 'I'he worm gear 130 through a worm wheel 134 drives the shaft 135which drives the spur meshes, as shown in Figure 2 with a spur gear 138which latter is carried by a bar 140 pivoted about the shaft 135 andadjustable in any position by a suitable bracket 142 and securing nut143. Gear 138 meshes with a similar gear 145, which 'latter 1S mountedon a shaft 146. Gears 138 and 145 are readily removable and may bereplaced with gears of different ratios for reasons to be hereinafterdescribed. Also keyed to the shaft 146 so as to turn with gear wheel 145is another gear wheel 148, the purpose of which will later be described.

As seen in Figure 3, a cam 152 is also secured toY shaft 146,- and it ispreferably readily replaceable for reasons to be described. Cam 152 isprovided with a cam follower 154 which is mounted at the end of aplunger 155. This plunger slides in a suitable guide-way 156 being urgedtoward the cam by spring 157. At the other end of the plunger 155 is arack bar 159'which through suitable gears 160 on shaft 161 and gears 162on Shaft 163 turns the shaft 53 formerly described and shown in Figure5. As this shaft 53 controls the direction of feeding of the presserfoot, it is seen that cam 152 also controls said direction of feeding.

Guide conveyor shifting apparatus As mentioned above, the shaft 146carries a gear wheel 148. Meshing with this gear is a gear 164 keyed tothe shaft 165 to which is also keyed a cam 166 (see Figure 2). A camfollower 168 rides cn this cam, being drawn in contact therewith byspring 169. Through a suitable system of levers 170 and the lconnectingrod 172 (see Figure 3), the cam 166 and its follower 168 shift the guideconveyor 20 laterally. As above stated, the moving end of the guideconveyor is carried by rollers 25 for the purpose of facilitating itsmovement. The cam 166 is readily replaceable and is given a shapecorresponding with the cam 152 so as to move the guide conveyor 20substantially in accordance with the lateral movement of the work by thepresser foot 47. In this manner excess lateral tension of the presserfoot on the work. is avoided. To keep the material properly aligned, theconveyor 20 may be provided with guards 171 and 173, the latter of whichis preferably adjustable, and both of which may be if desired. Y

Approximate feeding mechanism As previously stated, the worm 132 iscarried on the shaft 42. Driven by the worm 132 through a suitable wormgear 174 (Figure 2 and Figure 4) is a shaft 175 to which is keyed thecrank disk 176 (Figure 3). Suitably pivoted to the crank disk 176 at thepoint 178 is a connecting rod 189 which is also pivoted to the pawl head182 by a suitable pivot 183. The pawl head is journaled on the shaft 37.Carried by the pawl head 182 is a suitable spring pressed pawl 186 whichengages the ratchet wheel 187, reverse movement of which is preventedbysuitable pawl mechanism 188. The ratchet wheel 187 is keyed to the shaft37 which, as previously stated drives the feed rolls 18 and 29. Ifdelicate adjustment is desired, each of the pawls 186 and 188 maycomprise a series of separate pawls of slightly varying lengths.

With the apparatus thus far described under this heading, the forwardfeeding of the work would be constant, since each revolution of thecrank disk 176 would turn the ratchet 187 a full stroke and thereforewould turn the shaft 37 a corresponding amount. It is obvious, however,that when the pattern being stitched by the stitching machine isa widepattern such as those shown in Figures 4 and 12, the forward movement ofthe work would be comparatively slow. It is therefore necessary toprovide means to regulate the speed' of the forward feeding of the work.This means is found in the pawl release segment 190 together with itsmeans of adjustment and the follower roll 191. This follower roll isjournaled in an arm 192 which is rigidly connected with the pawl 186 sothat araising of the follower roll 191 raises the pawl 186. During theactive stroke of the pawl head 182 the follower roll 191 comes intoengagement with the release segment 190 and is raised thereby to releasethe -pawl 186 from the ratchet wheel 187. The remainder of the stroke ofthe pawl head 182 is therefore ineffective, the pawl 186 being heldreleased by the release segment 190. In order to adjust the position ofthe release segment 190 it is mounted on a worm gear 194 which is freelycarried by shaft 37 and may be turned by the worm 195. The worm '195 isin turn operated by the shaft 196 and handle 197. A spring detentmechanism 198 may be provided for facilitating and maintainingadjustment of the shaft 196. As a further aid in this adjustment therelease cam 190 is calibrated,

as shown in Figure 4, and a stationary indexl an angular pattern can begreatly enhanced by making all of the corners perfectly sharp andregular. Whenmaking special provision for such patterns, it is evidentthat since the machine continues to stitch while the rack 159 is beingoperated by the cam 152 there must be some stitching during suchmovement; that is, no matter how steep the cam surface may be, it cannotmove the rack 159 instantaneously, and if there are only two stitchestaken during the period of movement of the rack, these two stitches willspoil the sharpness of the angle, since those two stitches together withthe adjoining stitches break up the angle into three angles, which is inreality a curve rather than an angle. Another cause of imperfection isnot so obvious, but in commercial machines there is a slight amount ofplay, andtherefore when the presser foot control mechanism is turnedfirst in one direction and then in another its positioning may varyslightly in the various instances, unless the play is removed. The meansfor overcoming 4these two dimculties are reasonably simple andthoroughly dependable. Y

The difculty due to'lack of sharpness of the angles is overcome bystopping the operation of the stitcher while the presser foot controlmechanism is being turned for a new direction. On the hand operatedmachines already known, a clutch has been provided, and so this clutchmay be shown somewhat diagrammatically. In Figure 5 it is seen that withthe machine inits normal running condition the clutch pin 116 engagestheclutch collar 117 in any one of a number of circumferential holesprovided in the collar 117. This pin is carried by the cam, sleeve 115which is slidably keyed to the shaft 42. 'Ihe pin also passes throughthe eccentric 61, so that both the eccentric 61 and the shaft 42 aredriven by the collar 117. Riding in the cam groove 202 in the sleeve115, is the cam follower 204 mounted on the upperend of the clutchfinger 206, which is pivoted at its midpoint to the scr'ew 208. Duringnormal operation of the machine, the clutch finger 206 is constantlyoscillated by the cam sleeve 115 having no effect at such time. However,when it is desired to operate the clutch to stop the machine, thesliding clutch bar 210 may be raised by the spring 212 to block themovement of the lower end of the clutch finger 206. When the movement ofthe clutch and finger is thus stopped, the reaction between the camgroove 202 and the cam fol lower 204 is now immovable and has the effectof sliding the cam sleeve 115 to the left. This drives the clutch pin116 out from its hole in the clutch collar 117, permitting the shaft 42and the eccentric 116 to stop. Although the stitching mechanism comes toa standstill the shaft 119 continues to rotate. When the clutch bar 210is again lowered, the clutch finger 206 is released, with the resultthat the cam sleeve 115 is shifted inwardly by the spring 212 until thepin 116 again engages a hole in the clutch collar 117, at which time thenormal operation of the stitching mechanism is resumed. 4

Theclutch rod 210 may be drawn down to its inactive position by means ofthe lever 214, which is pivoted to the machine frame in any suitablemanner, at 216. The control of the lever 214 is best shown in Figures 11and 12. Itmay be explained at this point that although all the figuresillustrate a single machine (except for the changed cams and the like)the special features of Figures 11 and 12 have been omitted from most ofthe other figures for the sake of clarity. The shaft 163 previouslymentioned is hollow and a push rod 218 is slidably mounted therein. The

upper end of this push rod engages the extremity of the lever 214, asshown best in Figure 11. The lower end of the push rod 216 is mounted onthe stirrup 220, which is pivoted to the lever 222, which latter ispivoted at its midpoint by a suitable pin 224, and at its opposite endcarries a cam follower roller 226. This cam follower roller 226 engagesa cam 228 which is mounted on shaft 146, being pressed against this camby a suitable spring 230. It is therefore seen that when the cam 228shifts the cam follower 226 downwardly, this raises the rod 218 andlowers the bar 210, causing the engagement of the clutch and theoperation of the stitching mechanism. On the other hand, when the camfollower 226 is pressed into a notch 232 under the influence of thespring 230, the spring 212 is rendered effective for raising the clutchbar 210 and causingdisengagement of the clutch and thereby Stopping thestitching mechanism.

'Ihe cam 228 is a companion cam for a cam 152 which is substituted for`the cam 152 when the pattern shown in Figure 12 is desired. As shown inFigures 11 and 12 these two cams may be joined together by bolts orother suitable means, being properly spaced by spacers 234. This permitsa more ready substitution of cams 152' and 228 for cam 152. The relationof the cams-228 .j and 152 with respect to their followers 226 and 154is such that the follower 154 is only operated during such time as thefollower 226 is pressed into one of the notches 232. In other words, thecam 152' changes the direction of movement of the presser foot only whenthe stitching mechanism of the presser foot is stationary.

The sequence of voperations of this feature mayv be briefly stated tomake the structure more clear. While the cam follower 226 rides in itsouter position, the stitching apparatus operates, moving the material tonew in a given line. As this line is completed, the cam 228 turns to aposition such that the follower 226 rides into the notch 232, stoppingthe machine by permitting the slide bar 210 to raise into engagementwith the clutch finger 206. While the stitching mechanism and presserfoot are thus stopped, the cams 228 and 152' continue to rotate, sincethe shaft 119 is not stopped. Immediately after the follower 226 115rides into the notch 232 the follower 154 will strike one of theinclined surfaces 236, which through the rack 159, gears 160, shaft 53,gears 52, and other structure shown in Figure 5, including the shaft 43,turns the guide block 88 120 and associated structure to a new position.As the cam 228 continues to rotate, the follower 226 rides out -of thenotch 232 permitting the clutch pin 116 to again engage 117, whereby thestitching mechanism and the presser foot are again operated. Since theguide block 88 has been turned to a new position, the presser foot nowmoves the material in a new direction at a sharp angle with respect toits old direction. The term sharp angle is used not in the sense ofmean- 130 ing acute, but in the sense of meaning a clean angle, asdistinguished from a curve or a series of irregular angles.

To secure further regularity in the angular patterns, a slack take-upstructure is provided. 'Ihis structure is shown best in Figures 11 and12, being omitted from the other gures for the sake of clarity. Aspreviously described, the presser foot directional structure is directlycontrolled by the bevel gear 112. Due to the fact that all of thedirectional control means are controlled from this gear by snug slidingjoints, the play between this gear and the directional control means isnegligible, if not non-existent. Therefore, when the slack which isaccumulated from the cam 152' to the gear 112 is taken up there will beno trouble from this source.

This is done by providing a rack 240 arranged to mesh with the gear 112and constantly drawn in a given direction by a spring 242. The rack 150l 1,980,001 240 is of course slidably supported in a suitable guide-way244 which may be secured to the stitching machine frame by suitable arms246, -as

shown. The spring 242 may be drawn between a` peg 248 on the slidingrack 240 and the arm 249, extending from the arm 246. The teeth on therack 240 may be quite loosely cut with respect to the teeth on the bevelgear 112, in order to make this gearing operative, and, if desired, maymesh with the bevel gear only in a narrow zone. Of course, if desired,an extra gear or special teeth may be provided on the bevel gear moresuitable for meshing with a straight rack. The eect of this rack andspring is obviously to tend to rotate the bevel gear in one direction,taking up the slack in that direction, so that the bevel gear l exactlyfollows the control imposed upon it by the cam 152'. 1t follows that theguide block 88 and therefore the direction of movement of the presseri'oot would likewise be truly and exactly controlled by the cam 152'.

Operation?,

The machine is prepared for use by drawing the material from the rollson the shafts i4, 15 and le between the feed roll 18 and pressure roll32, as shui/vm and on to the guide' conveyor 20. When the machine hasbeen prepared in the usuali way by drawing the thread from the spool, asdiagrammatically shown at the bottom of Figure 5, through the looper 54,to provide a loose end above the tabie 24 the work may be placed underthe presser foot, which, in the meantime may have been held in a raisedposition by suitable mechanism, not shown. The motor is then started andthe clutch 124 engaged by operation of the handle 12d. Iilhe motor 122then drives shaft 119, which operates the sewing mechanism and thereader mechanism in the following man- I DST;

Through the mechanism shown in'liiigures 5 to 8, the shaft 119reciprocates the needle 46 and also actuates the presser root 47 with afeeding movement, the direction of feeding depending on the position ofthe guide block 88, the lever 91, cam sleeve ed, and associatedmechanism. The position of this mechanism is detered by the shaft 43,which is operated through the shafts 49, 50 and 53 and through the rack159'and slide bar 155 by the cam 152. .Accuracy of control is obtainedthrough the use of the slack take-up mechanism comprising sliding rack240 and spring 242. .also operated by the shaft 42 is thev needle guard65 and the looper 54 which cooperate with the needle to producestitching in any well miotvn manner. When it is desired to sew a patternwith sharp angles, the clutch (see 116- Figure 5) between shafts 119 and42 is disengaged under the control of an extra cam 228 during changes ofdirection at the angles to stop the stitching mechanism. When a patternis notl angular, and no cam such as 228 is provided, suitable means maybe provided for maintaining the clutch in its engaged position, or theclutch releasing mechanism may be disconnected.

The work is supplied to the presser foot through mechanism which may .becalled approximate y feeding apparatus and which is also operated bymittently and at an average speed which may be regulated by turning thehandle 197 to feed the material, at the average speed with which it isdrawn forward by the presser foot 47. After a suitable quantity of thework has been sewn, it may be fed through the guide 27 to feed roll-28,and wound around the winding shaft 30 by which it is wound into asuitable roll.

It is thus seen that not only is the work fed to the needle by thepresser foot according to a denite and exact design which may be variedby changing the cam 152', but also the work is synchronously fed to thepresser foot by the guide conveyor 20 and the feed rolls 18 and 28, toenable the presser foot to function properly without distortion of thecloth. y

rihis invention has numerous advantages over hand operated stitchingmachines. its speed is limited only to the maximum speed of thestitching unit, and it can maintain this maximum speed even though it isquilting as well as merely sewing a design. When the quilting isattempted by d there must be frequent delay to arrange the padding. Thecentering of the padding by hand is extremely slow when the padding isnot as wide es the outer ticking, but presents no difficulties to themachine of this invention. This machine secures perfect uniformity ofdesign without the use of a stencil, and consequently Without theaccompanying diiilculties of centering the stencil. The exact centeringof both the design and thev padding is essential, because the edges ofthe border strip are used to form rolls varound the periphery of themattress.

1t is to be understood that many other embodiments of the invention,including some in improved form, will be apparent, and in the course oftime more will be devised by those skilled in the art. it is not'desiredthat this invention be limited to the details described, for its scopeincludes all such forms' or improvements as come withinthe spirit of thefollowing claims, construed as broadly as the prior art will permit.

What is claimed is:

1. The combination of a sewing machine including a presser foot forfeeding the work to the needle exactly as required, means forautomatically altering the direction of feeding of the presser foot, andauxiliary feed means Vacting contemporaneously with the presser foot butindependently of its contact with the cloth for automatically supplyingthe material to said presser 'foot approximately as required tomaintainit free from tension or distortion.

2. The combination of a sewing machine including a presser foot forfeeding the work to the needle exactly as required, means for alteringthe direction of feeding of the presser foot, means to supply a longstrip of material to said presser foot, and auxiliary feed means actingindependently of the contact of said presser foot with the material toshift the portion of the material adjacent said presser foot laterallysubstantially in synchronism with the lateral feeding movement of saidpresser foot.

3. The combination of a sewing machine including a presser foot forfeeding the work to the needle exactly as required, means for alteringthe direction of feeding of the presser foot, adjustable means forfeeding the material forward- 'ly to said presser foot, and means forshifting CII anism for .feeding material to said mechanism,.

and means for changing thedirection of the feeding actionof said presserfoot, with means for said control mechanism including means foroperating said 'direction changing mechanism, and auxiliary feed meansacting independently of the contact .of said presser foot with thematerial for bodily`shifting, the portion of the material being sewnwhich substantially surrounds the presser foot to supply said materialto said presser foot without tension or distortion.

5. The combination of a sewing machine including a. stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanism for feeding material to vsaid mechanism, andmeans for changing the direction of the feeding action of said presserfoot, with means for driving said sewing machine, control mechanismdriven synchronously with said sewing machine, said control mechanismincluding a cam, a--cam follower, a rack operated by said cam follower,gearing driven by said rack for operating said direction shiftingmechanism, and auxiliary feed means acting independently of the contactof said presser foot with the material for bodily shifting the portionof the material being sewn which substantially surrounds the presserfoot to supply said material to said presser foot substantially withouttension or distortion'.

6. The combination of a sewing machine including a stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanism for feeding material to said mechanism, and'meansfor changing the direction of the feeding action of said presser foot,with means for driving said sewing machine, a control mechanism drivensynchronously with said sewing machine, said control mechanism includingmeans for operating said direction changing means, means for forwardlyfeeding material to said presser foot, and means for laterally guidingsaid material in synchronism with the lateral feeding of said presserfoot.

7. The combination of a sewing machine including a stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanism for feeding material to said mechanism, and meansfor changing the direction of the feeding action of said presser foot,with means for driving said sewing machine, a control mechanism drivensynchronously with said sewing machine, said control mechanism includingmeans for operating said direction changing means, means for forwardlyfeeding material to said presser foot, means for laterally guiding saidmaterial in substantial synchronism with the lateral feeding of saidpresser foot, said means for forward feeding including a ratchet wheel,an oscillating pawl normally engaging said ratchet wheel, and adjustablemeans for altering the active stroke of said pawl.

8. The combination of a sewing machine including a stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanism for feeding material to said mechanism, means forchanging the direction of the feeding action of said presser foot withmeans for driving said sewing machine, a control mechanism drivensynchronously with said sewing machine, said control mechanism includingmeans for operating said direction changing means, means for forwardlyfeeding material to said presser foot, means for laterally guiding saidmaterial in substantial synchronism with the lateral feeding of saidpresser foot, said means for forward feeding including a ratchet wheel,an oscillating pawl having a constant stroke, normally engaging saidratchet wheel, and adjustable means for disengaging said pawl from saidratchet wheel through part of its stroke.

9. The combination of a sewing machine including a stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanism for feeding material to said mechanism, means forchanging the direction of the feeding action of said presser foot withmeans for driving said sewing machine, a control mechanism drivensynchronously with said sewing machine, said control mechanism includingmeans for operating said direction changing means, means for forwardlyfeeding material to said presser foot, means for laterally shifting saidmaterial in substantial synchronism with the lateral feeding of saidpresser foot, said means for forward feeding including a ratchet wheel,an oscillating pawl, normally engaging said ratchet wheel, adjustablemeans for disengaging said pawl fromy said ratchet wheel through part ofits stroke, and two sets of feeding rolls for feeding the materialuniformly to and from said presser foot.

10. The combination of a sewing machine including a stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanismfor feeding material to said mechanism, means forchanging the direction of the feeding action of said presser foot withmeans for driving said sewing machine, a control mechanism drivensynchronously with said sewing ma- Xchine, said control mechanismincluding means for operating said direction changing means, means forforwardly feeding material to said presser foot, means for laterallyguiding said material in substantial synchronism with the lateralfeeding of said presser foot, said guide means comprising a laterallyshiftable conveyor over which the material is forwardly fed, and camdriven mechanism for shifting said conveyor.

11. The combination of, a sewing machine including a presser foot forfeeding the work to the needle exactly as required, means forautomatically altering the direction of feeding of the presser foot,auxiliary feed means acting contemporaneously with the presser foot butindependently of its contact with the cloth for automatically supplyingthe material to said presser foot approximately as required to maintainit free from tension or distortion, and means for automatically stoppingthe feeding operation of the presser foot during operation of saiddirection altering means.

12. The combination of a sewing machine including a presser foot forfeeding the work to the needle exactly as required, means forautomatically altering thev direction of feeding of the presser foot,auxiliary feed means acting contemporaneously with the presser foot butindependently of its contact with the cloth for automatically supplyingthe material to said presser foot approximately as required to maintainit free from tension or distortion, and means for automatically stoppingthe operation of the presser foot and of the needle during the operationof said direction altering means.

13. The combination of a sewing machine including a stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanism for feeding material to said mechanism, and meansfor changing the direction of the feeding action of said presser foot,with means for driving said sewing machine, control mechanism drivensynchronously with said sewing machine, said control mechanism includingmeans for operating said direction changing mechanism,

and auxiliary feed means acting independently of the contact of saidpresser foot with the material for bodily shifting the portion of thematerial sewn which substantially surrounds the presser foot to supplysaid material to said presser foot without tension or distortion; saidauxiliary feed means comprising measuring feed means for feeding thematerial toward the presser foot and measuring feed means for drawingthe material from the presser foot, and means to drive both saidmeasuring feed means at the same speed so that slack may be maintainedbetween them.

14. 'I'he combination of a sewing machine including a stitchingmechanism, presser foot mechanism for feeding material to saidmechanism, means for changing the direction of the feeding action ofsaid presser foot, with means for driving said sewing machine, controlmechanism driven synchronously with said sewing machine, said controlmechanism including means for operating said direction changingmechanism, and auxiliary feed means acting independently of the contactof said presser foot with the material for bodily shifting the portionof the material sewn which substantially surrounds the presser foot tosupply said material to said presser foot without tension or distortion;said auxiliary feed means comprising measuring feed rollers for feedingthe material toward the presser foot, and measuring feed rollers fordriving the material from the presser foot, and means to drive both saidmeasuring feed rollers .at the same speed so' that slack may bemaintained between them.

15. The combination of a sewing machine including a stitching mechanism,presser foot mechanism for feeding material to said mechanism, and meansfor changing the direction of the feeding action of said presser foot,with means for driving said sewing machine, control mechanism drivensynchronously with said sewing machine, said control mechanism includingmeans for operating said direction changing mechanism, and auxiliaryfeed means acting independently of the contact of said presser foot withthe material for, bodily shifting the portion of the material sewn whichsubstantially surrounds the presser foot to supply ,said material tosaid presser foot without tension or distortion; said auxiliary feedmeans comprising measuring feed means for feeding the material towardthe presser foot and measuring feed means for drawing the material fromthe presser foot, means to drive both said measuring feed means at thesame speed so that slack may be maintained between them, and means forshifting a portion of the material between said measuring feed means andadjacent said presser foot laterally substantially in synchronism withthe lateral feeding of said presser foot.

HUGO PERIESZ.

